Ibhizinisi Lokushaja Izimoto Zikagesi: Ukuqonda Komkhakha Nezemfundo | Guangzhou Xianghui
Kwadalwa ngo 09.15
Ibhizinisi Lokushaja i-EV: Ukuqonda Komkhakha Nemfundo | Guangzhou Xianghui
Ukuguquka komhlaba wonke kuya ezintweni zokuhamba ngogesi sekudlule kude endabeni yezobuchwepheshe futhi sekuphenduke indaba yezentengiselwano, futhi akukho lapho lokhu kucaca khona kangcono kunasekukhuleni okusheshayo kweBhizinisi Lokushaja Izimoto Zikagesi. Yonke imoto kagesi esemgwaqweni imele isidingo esiphindaphindekayo samandla, futhi leso sidingo kufanele sihlangatshezwe ngezinto zokusebenza, isoftware, umsebenzi wokufaka, kanye nesevisi eqhubekayo. Kosomabhizinisi, abaqhubi bamaflethi, abanikazi bezakhiwo, kanye nabakhiqizi, lolu shintsho ludala amathuba ayengekho eminyakeni eyishumi edlule. Ukuqonda izisekelo zobuchwepheshe bokushaja akuseyona into engakhethekile kunoma ubani ohlela ukutshala imali kule ndawo. Lesi siqondiso esivela kwaGuangzhou Xianghui New Energy Technology sichaza ubuchwepheshe, ezomnotho, kanye namaqiniso okusebenza ngemuva kwengqalasizinda yokushaja. Ungahlola futhi uhla lwethu olubanzi lwezixazululo ku-IKHASI LOKUQALA ikhasi ukuze ubone ukuthi i-hardware ingena kanjani esithombeni esibanzi.
Kungani Ibhizinisi Lokushaja i-EV Lingena Eshumini Lalo Elinqumayo
Ukwethulwa kwezimoto ngogesi sekudlule umkhawulo kusuka ekubeni ilukuluku labaqali kuya ekubeni ukuziphatha kokuthenga okuvamile ezimakethe eziningi, futhi ingqalasizinda yokushaja manje isiyisithiyo esibophayo ekukhuleni okuqhubekayo. Ohulumeni baseYurophu, eChina, eNyakatho Melika, naseNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia babeke imigomo eqinile yokuthengiswa kwezimoto ezingakhiphi umoya okungcolisayo, okubuye kudinga ukwakhiwa kwezindawo zokushaja ezifinyeleleka emphakathini. Izinkampani zikagesi zitshala imali ekuthuthukisweni kwegridi, abathengisi banezela amashaja ukuheha abathengi, futhi abaqashi bafaka ukushaja emsebenzini njengenzuzo yokugcina abasebenzi. Isinqumo ngasinye salezi simelela ithuba lemali engenayo noma lokonga izindleko kothile emkhakheni wokushaja. Umphumela uwumakethe lapho isidingo sisekelwa umgomo kodwa sizimela ngokwaso kwezohwebo ezindaweni eziminyene zasemadolobheni. Kwabasha, ukuqonda okubalulekile ukuthi Ibhizinisi Lokushaja Izimoto Zikagesi liklomelisa abaqhubi abaqonda amazinga okusetshenziswa, hhayi nje labo abafaka amahadi amaningi kakhulu.
Izisekelo Zokushaja i-EV: Amaleveli, Izixhumi, Namazinga Achaziwe
Ishadi lokushaja ngokuvamile lihlukaniswa ngamazinga amathathu, futhi ukudida wona kungenye yamaphutha ajwayelekile kakhulu enziwa abatshalizimali bokuqala kuBhizinisi Lokushaja i-EV. ILeveli 1 isebenzisa i-outlet ejwayelekile yasendlini futhi inikeza cishe u-1.4 kuya ku-2.4 kW, okwanele kuphela ukugcwalisa ebusuku kanye nama-plug-in hybrid anamabhethri amancane. ILeveli 2 iwumgogodla wokushaja kwezentengiselwano nezasendlini, isebenza ku-7 kuya ku-22 kW ngamandla e-AC futhi ngokuvamile yengeza amakhilomitha angu-20 kuya ku-40 ebangeni ngehora ngalinye lokushaja. ILeveli 3, ebizwa nangokuthi ukushaja okusheshayo kwe-DC, yeqa ngokuphelele ishaja esemkhunjini futhi inganikeza u-50 kW kuya kwezingaphezu kuka-350 kW, igcwalise ingxenye enkulu yebhethri ngemizuzu engamashumi amabili kuya kwamashumi amane. Ohlangothini lwesixhumi, i-CCS1, i-CCS2, i-NACS, i-CHAdeMO, kanye nezinga le-GB/T laseChina zibusa izifunda ezahlukene, futhi ama-dispenser anezindinganiso eziningi aya ngokuya evamile. Ukukhetha uhlobo olungalungile lwesixhumi kungenza indawo enhle ngaphandle kwalokho ingabi namsebenzi kwezentengiselwano, ngakho-ke ukuhlelwa kwezindinganiso kufanele kwandulele noma yisiphi isinqumo sokuthenga. Umenzi onolwazi ku-IMIKHIQIZO kuzo zonke izindinganiso eziningi kungenza leso sinqumo sibe lula kakhulu.
I-AC vs i-DC yokushaja: Umehluko usho ukuthini emisebenzini yakho yebhizinisi
Ukukhetha kwe-AC kuqhathaniswa ne-DC kuqondisa cishe zonke izinqumo ezilandelayo kuBhizinisi Lokushaja i-EV, kusukela ekulinganiseni kwesevisi kagesi kuya kumasu entengo kanye nokwakhiwa kwesiza. Amashaja e-AC ashibhile ukuwathenga, ashibhile ukuwafaka, amnene kugridi, futhi adinga ingqalasizinda kagesi engabizi kakhulu ngoba ukuguqulwa kube yi-DC kwenzeka ngaphakathi emotweni. Amashaja asheshayo e-DC, ngokuphambene, adinga ama-transformer akhethekile, izintambo ezinamandla aphezulu, izinhlelo zokupholisa, kanye nokusetshenziswa kwemali okuphezulu kakhulu ngesixhumi ngasinye. Ukushintshana kwalokhu isikhathi sokuma: i-AC ifanele izindawo lapho abashayeli bepaka khona amahora amabili kuya kwayisishiyagalombili, njengamahhovisi, amahhotela, izakhiwo zamafulethi, nezindawo zokuthenga, kuyilapho i-DC ifanele imigwaqo emikhulu, izindawo zokugcina izimoto zezinkampani, nezindawo zasemadolobheni lapho ukusebenza kahle kubalulekile. Abaqhubi abahlanganisa zombili lezi zinhlobo esizeni esisodwa bavame ukuthola ukusetshenziswa okungcono ngoba bakhonza abashayeli abahlala isikhathi esifushane nabahlala isikhathi eside ngasikhathi sinye. Amamodeli entengo kufanele akhombise lokhu: i-AC ivamise ukukhokhiswa nge-kilowatt-hora, kuyilapho i-DC ivamise ukukhokhiswa ngomzuzu ezimakethe lapho isikhathi siyinsiza eyivelakancane. Ukuthola lokhu kulinganisa kahle kuyisibikezelo esithembeke kakhulu sokuthola inzuzo ekushajeni kwe-EV kwezentengiselwano.
Ungakhetha kanjani ishaja yemoto kagesi efanele ibhizinisi lakho
Ukukhetha ihadiwe kuqala ngokuhlola indawo ngokuthembeka okuphelele okuhlanganisa amandla kagesi atholakalayo, ukuhlelwa kwendawo yokupaka, izindlela zokuhamba, kanye nesikhathi sokuhlala esilindelekile. Umthengisi onendawo yokupaka engama-200 kanye nombhoshongo wamahhovisi onendawo yokupaka eyishumi akufanele bathenge imishini efanayo, ngisho noma bobabili befuna ukungena ebhizinisini lokushaja izimoto zikagesi. Isofthiwe yokuphatha umthwalo, kwesinye isikhathi ebizwa ngokuthi ukulinganisa umthwalo okuguquguqukayo, ivumela amashaja amaningi ukuthi abelane ngamandla wokwakha alinganiselwe futhi ingahlehlisa noma iqede ukuthuthukiswa kwesevisi okubizayo. Ukuvimbela isimo sezulu, ukumelana nokucekelwa phansi, ukuphathwa kwekhebula, kanye nokuhambisana nokufinyeleleka konke kuthinta izindleko zokunakekela zesikhathi eside ukwedlula okulindelwe abathengi abaningi. Ukuhlanganiswa kwenkokhelo, ukuqinisekiswa kwe-RFID, kanye nokuhambisana nezinga elivulekile njenge-OCPP kunquma ukuthi ihadiwe ingaxhuma yini kuphulatifomu yenethiwekhi oyikhethayo. Okokugcina, ukulungiseka kubalulekile: amashaja e-modular anamaphakethe wamandla angashintshwa anciphisa isikhathi sokuphazamiseka kanye nezindleko zokulungisa phakathi nomjikelezo weminyaka eyishumi. Abathengi kufanele bagcizelele imibhalo, isitifiketi, kanye nokutholakala kwezingxenye zokushintsha ngaphambi kokuzibophezela kunoma yimuphi umkhiqizo.
Ukuhlelwa Nokufakwa Kwengqalasizinda Yokushaja i-EV Yezentengiselwano
Ukufakwa yilapho amaphrojekthi okushaja afisa ukwenza okukhulu evame ukudlula khona isabelomali, ikakhulukazi ngoba umsebenzi kagesi awubonakali kuze kube yilapho usubiza kakhulu. Ucwaningo lwendawo olufanele kufanele lubonise ibanga ukusuka ku-transformer eseduze, isimo se-switchgear ekhona, imizila yokugubha noma yamapayipi, kanye nanoma yiziphi izimfuneko zemvume yendawo. Ezingxenyeni eziningi zomthetho, inqubo yemvume nokuxhumana kwenkampani yamandla ithatha isikhathi eside kunokufakwa ngokomzimba, yingakho abathuthukisi abanolwazi bahlela izimvume kuqala. Ukusebenza nezinkampani zokufaka ukushaja kwe-EV ezisunguliwe kunciphisa ingozi ngoba ziqonda ukuxhumana kwenkampani yamandla, izibalo zomthwalo, nokuhambisana nemithetho ngendlela abakhi bakagesi abajwayelekile abavame ukungayiqondi. Ukugubha, umsebenzi kakhonkolo, nokufakwa kwama-bollard kungabonakala kuyizinto ezincane, kodwa ezindaweni zasemadolobheni ezinomkhawulo kungadlula izindleko zama-charger ngokwazo. Ngaphezu kwakho konke, hlela ukwanda: yenza amapayipi abe makhulu futhi ugcine amandla ephaneli ukuze ukwengeza ama-connector kamuva kungadingi ukumba kabusha indawo yokupaka eseyiqediwe.
Amamodeli Ebhizinisi Eziteshi Zokushaja i-EV
Akukho ndlela eyodwa yokuphumelela ebhizinisini lokushaja i-EV, kodwa kunezindlela ezimbalwa eziqinisekisiwe okufanele zifundwe ngaphambi kokutshala imali. Imodeli yomnikazi-mshayeli, lapho ibhizinisi lithenga khona izinto zokusebenza, lilawula intengo, futhi ligcina yonke imali engenayo, linikeza inzuzo ephezulu kodwa futhi ingozi ephezulu kanye nomthwalo omkhulu wokusebenza. Imodeli yomphathi-nguzakwethu ivumela umnikazi wendawo ukuthi anikele ngesikhala ngenkathi inethiwekhi yokushaja ixhasa futhi isebenzise imishini, ihlukanise imali engenayo futhi idlulisele umthwalo wobuchwepheshe kuchwepheshe. Amadepho ezimoto ezihamba ngemoto kuphela akhokhisa iklayenti elilodwa ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza isikhathi eside kunokulandela ukusetshenziswa komphakathi, okukhiqiza ukugeleza kwemali okuzinzile kanye nokuhlela komthamo okulula. Izindlela ezisekelwa yizikhangiso nezisekelwe ezitolo zokudayisa zithatha ukushaja njengento eqhuba ukuhamba kwabantu kunokuba kube yisikhungo senzuzo esizimele, okushintsha isikhathi esamukelekayo sokubuyisela imali. Izindlela zokubhalisa zihlanganisa ukushaja nokupaka, ukufinyelela emsebenzini, noma ukuqashisa izimoto ukuze kwakheke imali engenayo ephindaphindayo. Abasebenzi abaningi abaphumelelayo ekugcineni bahlanganisa izindlela ezimbili noma ngaphezulu kunokuthembela kwenye kuphela.
Ukufakwa Kogesi Emikhunjini: Izinzuzo, Izinselele, Nezindlela
Ukufakwa kukagesi emikhunjini kusihamba kancane kuba yingxenye ethembekile kakhulu yeBhizinisi Lokushaja Izimoto Zikagesi ngoba izimoto zibuyela endaweni eyaziwayo ngesikhathi esaziwayo. Ngakho-ke amadepo angasebenzisa ukushaja kwe-AC okubiza kancane ebusuku, agweme izindleko zokufunwa ngokuhlela okuhlakaniphile, futhi azuze ukusetshenziswa okulindelekile okuphezulu kakhulu kunezilinganiso zokushaja zomphakathi. Izinzuzo zidlulela ngalé kokonga uphethiloli ziye ekunciphiseni kokulungiswa, ukuthobela okulula izindawo zokukhipha umoya emadolobheni, kanye nokuthuthukisa ukuma komkhiqizo kwabaqhubi bezokuthutha nokulethwa. Izinselelo nazo zingokoqobo: amandla kagesi edepo ngokuvamile ayisici esikhawulelayo, ukuhlela umzila kufanele kubhekele umthwalo kanye nemiphumela yokushisa ebangeni, futhi ukuqeqeshwa kwabashayeli kubalulekile ukugwema ukukhathazeka ngebanga nokusetshenziswa kabi kwemishini. Isu lokuhamba ngezigaba ngokuvamile lisebenza kahle kakhulu, lifake ugesi emizileni elindelekile kakhulu kuqala futhi lande njengoba idatha yokusebenza iqoqeka. Ukuhlanganiswa kwe-telematics kuvumela ukuhlela kokushaja ukuthi kulandele ukutholakala kwangempela kwezimoto esikhundleni sesikhathi esinqunyiwe. Izinkampani eziphatha kahle ukushaja kwedepo ngokuvamile zithola ukuthi izindleko eziphelele zobunikazi zithuthuka ngokushesha kunalokho amamodeli azo okuqala ayekubikezela.
Ibhizinisi Lesiteshi Sokushaja Ama-E-Rickshaw: Ithuba Elinganakwa
Nakuba izihloko zezindaba zigxila ezimotweni ezithwala abagibeli, ibhizinisi lesiteshi sokushaja ama-rickshaw kagesi limelela enye yezigaba ezibuyisa imali ngokushesha ezimakethe eziningi ezisafufusa. Izimoto ezinamasondo amathathu zihamba amabanga amade nsuku zonke uma kuqhathaniswa namandla azo ebhethri, zibuyela ezindaweni ezimisiwe, futhi zincike ekushajeni okuthengekayo nokufinyelelekayo ukuze ziqhubeke zisebenza ngokomnotho. Iqoqo elincane lama-chaja angu-10 kuya ku-20 kW asebenzela iqembu lama-e-rickshaw lingafinyelela amazinga okusetshenziswa ama-chaja omphakathi ezimoto angavamile ukuwafinyelela. Abaqhubi kule ngxenye bavame ukuphumelela ngokudayisa ukushaja ngehora noma ngesikhathi ngasinye esikhundleni nge-kilowatt-hora, okuhambisana nemikhuba yokukhokha engakahleleki yabashayeli. Ukushintshanisa amabhethri kuyimodeli eyengeziwe okufanele icatshangelwe lapho imali ivuma, ngoba yehlisa kakhulu isikhathi sokungasebenzi komshayeli. Umkhawulo obalulekile ukunikezwa kukagesi ezindaweni eziminyene, okwenza ukuphathwa komthwalo kanye nezingxenyekazi zekhompyutha ezimojuli zibe zibaluleke kakhulu. Le niche ivuza abaqhubi abaqonda umnotho wansuku zonke wamakhasimende abo kanye nobuchwepheshe ngokwabo.
Ukutshalwa Kwezimali Eziteshini Zokushaja Izimoto Zikagesi: Ukuhlola Inzuzo Ngaphambi Kokuba Wakhe
Ukuhlaziywa kokutshalwa kwezimali eziteshini zokushaja ama-EV okujulile kuqala ngezicabango zokusetshenziswa ezingavikeleki kunokuba zibe nethemba elikhulu. Izindleko zokusebenzisa zifaka phakathi ama-hardware, ingqalasizinda kagesi, imisebenzi yomphakathi, izimvume, ukuxhumana kwenethiwekhi, nezimpawu, futhi kuvamile ukuthi izindleko ezingezona ezama-hardware zimele ingxenye yesabelomali sesamba somklamo. Izindleko zokusebenza zifaka ugesi, izindleko zokufunwa, izimali zenethiwekhi, ukucutshungulwa kwezinkokhelo, ukulungiswa, umshuwalense, kanye nokuqashwa kwesiza noma ukwabelana ngemali engenayo. Imali engenayo incike kwinani lamaseshini, amandla asetshenzisiwe, kanye necebo lokubeka intengo, konke lokhu okuhluka kakhulu ngezinhlobo zezindawo kanye nokuncintisana kwendawo. Izikhathi zokubuyisela imali zisukela eminyakeni emithathu kuya kweyisishiyagalombili ezimakethe eziningi ezivuthiwe, ngokubuyisela okusheshayo ezindaweni zokudayisa ezinabantu abaningi kanye nokubuyisela okuhamba kancane ezindaweni zomgwaqo omkhulu ezingasetshenziswa kahle. Ukuhlaziywa kokuzwela kufanele kuhlole ukuthi kwenzekani uma ukusetshenziswa kungaphansi ngamaphesenti angama-30 kunalokho obekucatshangwa, ngoba leso simo sivame kakhulu kunesimo esiyisisekelo. Abatshalizimali abenza imodeli ngokucophelela futhi baklame ukwanda okuguquguqukayo bavame ukusinda eminyakeni yokuqala eqeda izimbangi ezingenasineke.
Izikhuthazo Zikahulumeni, Inqubomgomo, Nokuhambisana Namazinga
Inqubomgomo yomphakathi iseyinsimbi enamandla ebhizinisini lokushaja izimoto zikagesi, futhi abaqhubi abayishaya indiva bashiya imali etafuleni. Izibonelelo, izikweletu zentela, ukwehla kwentengo okusheshisiwe, kanye nezinhlelo zokuxhasa ngezimali ngenzalo ephansi zikhona ezingeni likazwelonke, lesifunda, kanye nelikamasipala, ngayinye inemibandela yayo yokufaneleka kanye nezidingo zokubhaliswa. Amakhodi okwakha aya ngokuya egunyaza ukulungela ukushaja ezakhiweni ezintsha, okudala isidingo esingabikezelwa sokufakwa kabusha iminyaka ezayo. Abaqhubi begridi kwezinye izifunda banikeza izibuyiselo zekhono lokushaja okuhlakaniphile noma ngokubamba iqhaza ezinhlelweni zokuphendula isidingo. Izibopho zokuhambisana, okuhlanganisa ukunemba kokulinganisa, amazinga okufinyeleleka, kanye nokubika kwedatha, ziyahlukahluka kakhulu futhi kufanele zakhelwe phakathi kwephrojekthi kusukela ekuqaleni kunokuba zifakwe kabusha ngemuva. Inqubomgomo futhi inobungozi: izinhlelo zokukhuthaza ziyaphela, izakhiwo zentela ziyashintsha, futhi amamodeli ebhizinisi ancike koxhaso angawa ngobusuku obunye. Isu eliphephile lithatha izikhuthazi njengesikhuthazi sembuyiselo kunokuba kube umbandela wokuqala wokusebenza.
Ukunakekelwa nokusebenza kweziteshi zokushaja ze-EV
I-Uptime iwuhlamvu lwemali lwebhizinisi lokushaja i-EV, futhi izinkinga zokuthembeka zicekela phansi ukuthembana kwamakhasimende ngokushesha kunanoma yiliphi iphutha lentengo. Ukugcinwa kokuvimbela kufaka phakathi ukuhlola amakhebula nezixhumi ukuze kutholakale ukuguga, ukuhlola izitobhi eziphuthumayo, ukuqinisekisa ukuvikelwa kwe-ground fault, ukuhlanza izinhlelo zokupholisa, nokuqinisekisa ukuxhumana kwenethiwekhi. Amakhebula nezixhumi yizingxenye ezivame ukwehluleka kakhulu ngoba zibekezelela izinkulungwane zokuxhuma ezimweni zezulu zonke, ngakho-ke ukugcina izingxenye eziyisipele kubalulekile. Ukuqapha kude kuvumela abasebenzi ukuthi bathole amaphutha, amaseshini ahlulekile, namaphutha okukhokha ngaphambi kokuba abashayeli babike, okunciphisa isikhathi sokuphazamiseka ngendlela ebonakalayo. Indlela ecacile yokusekelwa ibalulekile njengoba nje nehadiwe, futhi eyethuUkusekela izinsiza zibonisa indlela imibhalo kanye nosizo lwezobuchwepheshe okunciphisa ngayo ukungqubuzana kokusebenza. Izikhathi zokuphendula zensizakalo yasensimini kufanele zichazwe ngesivumelwano, ngoba ishaja engaxhunyiwe isonto lonke ibiza kakhulu kunengxenye ehlulekile. Ukwabiwa kwesabelomali sika-3 kuya ku-6 ekhulwini senani lezingxenyekazi zekhompyutha minyaka yonke ukuze kugcinwe kuyisilinganiso esifanele sokuhlela.
Izitayela Nezinto Ezintsha Ezakha Umkhakha
Several technological currents are reshaping the industry simultaneously, and each has implications for anyone planning a long-term position in the EV Charging Business. Higher-power DC charging is pushing beyond 350 kW, enabled by liquid-cooled cables and silicon carbide power electronics, which reduces dwell time and improves station throughput. Bidirectional charging, including vehicle-to-grid and vehicle-to-load capability, turns parked vehicles into grid assets and opens new revenue streams for participation in ancillary markets. Battery-buffered charging reduces grid connection costs by smoothing peak demand, making fast charging feasible on sites with limited electrical service. Plug and charge authentication removes the app friction that still frustrates many drivers, and open protocols are making cross-network roaming far more practical. Solar canopies and on-site storage are increasingly paired with charging to lower operating costs and hedge against electricity price volatility. Industry developments and technical explainers are regularly published on ourIZINDABA ikhasi labafundi abafuna ukulandelela lezi zinguquko.
Ukubambisana ne-Guangzhou Xianghui New Energy Technology
Ikhwalithi yezinto ezibonakalayo kanye nokuthembeka kokuhlinzekwa kwezimpahla kunquma ukuthi iphrojekthi yokushaja iyahlangabezana yini nezinjongo zayo zezebhizinisi, yingakho ukukhethwa komkhiqizi kufanele kunakwe ngendlela efanayo nokukhethwa kwendawo. I-Guangzhou Xianghui New Energy Technology ikhiqiza imikhiqizo yokushaja ama-EV emigqeni emine eyinhloko, okuhlanganisa amashaja aphathekayo, iziteshi zokushaja ze-AC zasekhaya nezebhizinisi, izibhamu zokukhipha amandla kanye nama-adaptha e-V2L, kanye nama-adaptha e-AC/DC nezinsiza. Inkampani isebenzisa imboni yayo yangaphakathi futhi isekela ukwenzelwa ngokwezifiso kwe-OEM/ODM, okuvumela abaqhubi ukuthi bacacise amazinga ezixhumi, amazinga amandla, uphawu lwebhrendi, kanye nomklamo wendawo yokufaka ezimakethe zabo eziqondiwe. Izitifiketi kanye nemibhalo yokuhlola zisiza abathengi ukuthi bahlangabezane nezidingo zomthetho zendawo ngaphandle kokubambezeleka okude, futhi inqubo yokwenzelwa ngokwezifiso ihlelwe ngendlela yokuthi ngisho nabangenisi abaqala ukungenisa bakuqonde isigaba ngasinye. Kubaqhubi bezimoto kanye nabasabalalisi, le nhlanganisela yokujula kokukhiqiza kanye nokuhlelwa okuguquguqukayo kunciphisa kokubili ingozi yezobuchwepheshe kanye nezikhathi zokulinda. Ungafunda kabanzi mayelana namakhono kanye nomlando wenkampani ku-Mayelana Nathi ikhasi.
Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa (FAQ)
Ingabe inenzuzo engakanani ibhizinisi lokushaja i-EV kumqhubi omncane?
Inzuzo incike kakhulu ekusetshenzisweni nasezindlekweni zikagesi kunasezindlekweni zemishini. Abaqhubi abancane ezindaweni ezinabantu abaningi abahamba ngemoto kanye namazinga entela avumayo bavame ukufinyelela ekubuyiselweni kwemali eminyakeni emithathu kuya kwemihlanu, kuyilapho izindawo eziqhelile ezinokusetshenziswa okuphansi zingathatha iminyaka eyisishiyagalombili noma ngaphezulu. Ukulinganisa ngokucophelela inani lezikhathi zokushaja, izindleko zokufunwa kukagesi, kanye nokugcinwa kwemali yokulungisa kubalulekile ngaphambi kokutshala imali.
Ingakanani imali edingekayo ukuqala ibhizinisi lokushaja i-EV?
Ishaja eyodwa ye-AC yezentengiselwano kanye nokufakwa kwayo kungabiza izinkulungwane ezimbalwa zamaRandi, kuyilapho indawo yokushaja ngokushesha ye-DC ingadinga izigidi eziyisithupha uma sekufakwa izinto zokuthuthukisa ugesi, imisebenzi yokwakha, kanye nezimvume. Izindleko ezingezona ezempahla zivame ukumela amaphesenti angamashumi amane kuya kwamashumi ayisithupha ezindleko zeprojekthi iyonke. Ukuqala ngezingxenyekazi eziguquguqukayo kanye namandla okusebenza agciniwe kwenza ukwanda okuhlelwe kube ngcono kakhulu.
Uyini umehluko phakathi kokushaja kwe-AC ne-DC emabhizinisini?
Ukushaja nge-AC kuhamba kancane, kushibhile ukufaka, futhi kufanele izindawo lapho izimoto zihlala khona amahora amaningi, njengamahhovisi namahhotela. Ukushaja ngokushesha nge-DC kunikeza amandla aphezulu ngesikhathi esifushane kodwa kudinga ingqalasizinda kagesi ebizayo kanye nokunakekelwa okuphezulu. Izindawo eziningi zokuhweba zizuza ngokuhlanganisa zombili izinhlobo.
Yiziphi izixhumi namazinga okufanele ngizisekelele ebhizinisini lami lokushaja izimoto zikagesi?
Impendulo incike ngokuphelele emakethe yakho oqondise kuyo: i-CCS2 ne-Type 2 zibusa eYurophu, i-CCS1 ne-NACS zisabalele eNyakatho Melika, i-GB/T iyindinganiso eShayina, kanti i-CHAdeMO isekhona eJapane kanye neminye imikhumbi yakudala. Izisabalalisi ezisekela amazinga amaningi zinciphisa ingozi lapho inhlanganisela yezimoto ingaqinisekile. Hlala uqinisekisa imithetho yendawo ngaphambi koku-oda ihadiwe.
Ngabe ngidinga izimvume ezikhethekile zokufakwa kokushaja kwe-EV?
Yebo, iziphathimandla eziningi zidinga izimvume zikagesi, ukuhlolwa, kanye nokugunyazwa kokuxhumana kwenkampani yamandla ngaphambi kokufaka amandla kushaja. Inqubo yokugunyazwa ivamise ukuthatha isikhathi eside kunokufakwa ngokwakho. Ukusebenza nezinkampani ezinolwazi zokufakwa kokushaja kwe-EV kusiza ukuqinisekisa ukuhambisana nomthetho futhi kugweme ukwenziwa kabusha okubizayo.
Umbhizinisi wesiteshi sokushaja se-e-rickshaw wehluke kanjani kowokushaja izimoto?
Amaqembu ezimoto ezinamasondo amathathu anamabhethri amancane, ukushintshwa kwansuku zonke okuphezulu, futhi abuyela ezindaweni ezimisiwe, okukhiqiza ukusetshenziswa okungcono kunalokho okufinyelelwa amashaja amaningi omphakathi ezimoto. Abasebenzi bavame ukukhokhisa ngesikhathi ngasinye noma ngehora kunange-kilowatt-hora. Izinkinga zokuhlinzekwa kukagesi ezindaweni eziminyene zenza ukuphathwa komthwalo kubaluleke kakhulu.
Ngingabuhlola kanjani utshalomali lweziteshi zokushaja ama-EV?
Qala ngezicabango ezigciniwe zokusetshenziswa kanye nokubalwa kwezindleko ezigcwele ezihlanganisa izingxenyekazi zekhompyutha, umsebenzi kagesi, ukwakhiwa komhlaba, izimvume, ukuxhumana kwenethiwekhi, kanye nokugcinwa okuqhubekayo. Hlola ukuzwela ekwehleni kwesidingo ngamaphesenti angamashumi amathathu kunalokho obekulindelekile. Iziza ezisalokhu zisebenza ngaphansi kwezicabango ezingezinhle yizona okufanele zakhiwe.
Yikuphi ukugcinwa okudingwa yisiteshi sokushaja?
Ukunakekelwa okujwayelekile kufaka ukuhlolwa kwezixhumi namakhebula, ukuhlolwa kokuma okuphuthumayo, ukuqinisekiswa kwe-ground fault, ukuhlanza isistimu yokupholisa, nokuhlolwa kokuxhumana. Amakhebula nezixhumi yizona zindawo ezivame ukwehluleka. Ukuqapha kude kanye nezikhathi zokuphendula zesevisi yenkontileka kunciphisa kakhulu isikhathi sokuphazamiseka.
Yiziphi izikhuthazo zikahulumeni ezitholakalayo zebhizinisi lokushaja izimoto zikagesi?
Izikhuthazo ziyahlukahluka ngezwe nesifunda futhi zingase zihlanganise izibonelelo, izikweletu zentela, ukwehla kwentengo okusheshisiwe, kanye nezaphulelo zezinsiza zokushaja ezihlakaniphile noma ezisabelayo ekufuneni. Amakhodi okwakha aya ngokuya edinga ukulungela ukushaja ezakhiweni ezintsha. Thatha izikhuthazo njengesikhuthazi semali ebuyayo, hhayi njengombandela wokuqala wokusebenza.
Yimiphi imikhuba ezobumba Ibhizinisi Lokushaja i-EV kule minyaka eyishumi ezayo?
Lindela ukushaja kwe-DC okunamandla aphezulu, amandla okusebenzisana kwezimoto-to-grid, iziza ezinamabhethri ezinganciphisa izindleko zokuxhumeka kugridi, kanye nokuhambisana okubanzi kokuxhuma nokushaja. Ukubhangqa kwelanga nokugcinwa kwendawo kuzoqhubeka kuthuthukisa umnotho wokusebenza. Abasebenzi abaklama ukuthuthukiswa kwe-modular bazojwayela kalula lezi zinguquko.
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